If you have played cricket, you would have experienced that catching a ball which is moving with a higher velocity is more difficult than catching a ball which is moving with lesser velocity. Similarly, it is easier to catch a table tennis ball as compared to a cricket ball when both are dropped from the same height.
Thus, we see that moving bodies postess a physical quantity associated with their motion which determine how much force is required to bring them to rest . This quantity which depends on the mass and velocity of the moving body is called momentum and is defined as momentum (p) = mass (m) × velocity (v)
So momentum (p) = mass(m) × velocity (v) = kg × m s-1
SI unit of momentum is kg m s-1 or Newton, Cgs unit of momentum is g cm s-1
Law of conservation of momentum
The total momentum of a system of bodies remains constant unless there is a net external force acting on the system.
IAT 2025 Question Paper Marking Scheme: +4 Correct | -1 Incorrect | 0 Unattempted Q1. (Physics) A ball is projected vertically upward with speed 30 m/s. Neglect air resistance. The time taken to return to the point of projection is: (A) 3 s (B) 4 s (C) 5 s (D) 6 s Show Answer Answer: (D) Total time = 2u/g = 2×30/10 = 6 s. Q2. (Chemistry) Which species has the maximum number of unpaired electrons? (A) Fe²⁺ (B) Fe³⁺ (C) Mn²⁺ (D) Cu²⁺ Show Answer Answer: (C) Mn²⁺ = 3d⁵ configuration → maximum unpaired electrons. Q3. (Mathematics) If sin θ = 3/5 and θ lies in first quadrant, then cos θ is: (A) 4/5 (B) 3/4 (C) 5/4 (D) 2/5 Show Answer Answer: (A) cos²θ = 1 − sin²θ = 1 − 9/25 = 16/25 ⇒ cos θ = 4/5. Q4. (Biology) The functional unit of kidney is: (A) Neuron (B) Alveoli (C) Nephron (D) Glomerulus Show Answer Answer: (C) Nephron is the structural and functional unit of kidney. Q5. (Physics) Escape velocity from Earth is approximately: (A) 7.9 km/s (B) 9.8 km/...
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